36 A SPANISH REFERENCE GRAMMAR

additional, house, una casa nueva, a new house, recently built. 172.

6. If two adjectives are on a par in force and value, they are connected by the conjunction y (e) and are usually placed after the noun: un hombre cortes y amable, a polite, (and) kindly man. 173.

7. Adjectives differ in meaning according as they are used with ser or estar in the predicate: el es bueno, he is good, esta bueno, he is well, in good health; ella es lista, she is shrewd, esta lista, she is ready. See 636, 639. 174.

8. If an adjective is closely connected with a noun, thus expressing a unit of thought, a second adjective qualifying the group is added without a conjunction: un joven alto elegante, a tall, elegant, young man. 175.

9. Euphony or style will often determine the order when a noun is modified by more than one, or even only one, adjective: las prosperas naciones tranquilas y pacificas, the quiet and peaceful prosperous nations. 176.

1o. Compound adjectives in English must usually be expressed by a phrase in Spanish in which the preposition de or para is commonly used (see 122). That phrase being the longest element, it is usually thrown last in a group of modifiers: un muchacho ingles de cara alegre, a happy faced English boy. 177.

NUMERAL ADJECTIVES   37

5. ADJECTIVES OF DIMENSIONS. See 102-104.

6. ADJECTIVES USED AS ADVERBS.

1. When used in connection with some verbs, especially those of motion, adjectives agreeing with the subject may take the place of adverbs: iban y venian silenciosos, they came and went silently.

Solo as adverb is written solo, only. 178.

7. ADJECTIVES USED AS NOUNS.

I. Adjectives are frequently used as nouns and as such may be accompanied by an article or another adjective: un manco, a man crippled in one arm; las pobres viejas, the poor old women. See 76, 143. 179.

8. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

9. Cardinals. See Tabla de los Thimeros cardinales y ordinales, page 188. 180.

1. Cardinals are invariable except uno (una), and cientos (cientas) and its compounds : una casa; doscientas casas; quinientas vacas. 181.

2. Unos (unas) expresses an indefinite number (see 146). Equivalent modes of expression are cerca de, como, cosa de, mas o menos, or y pico (after a multiple of ten): unos (cosa de, cerca de, como)